Item Detail
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31141
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4
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13
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English
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Down-and-Back Wagon Trains : Travelers on the Mormon Trail in 1861
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Overland Journal : Quarterly Journal of the Oregon-California Trails Association
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1993
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11
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4
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Independence, Missouri
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Oregon-California Trails Association
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23-34
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"Since their first Mormon Trail trek in 1847, Latter-Day Saint (LDS) leaders had labored to fulfill a pledge made when they were forced from Nauvoo, Illinois, by hostile mobs. They promised to assist any and all needy Saints wanting to gather to Utah with them. Every emigration year proved costly and drained the church's Perpetual Emigrating Fund's ability to help those in need. Having to buy oxen and wagons in the Missouri River valley required more cash than the church could provide. So, between 1856 to 1860, the church tried handcarts as a low-cost way to move people. That system worked quite well overall-eight of ten companies arrived in good order-but became hard to promote because of the Martin and Willie handcart train disasters in Wyoming snows late in 1856.5 So a new kind of low-cost transportation system was needed. In 1860, Utah Territory was cash poor but oxen rich, so the LDS Church president Brigham Young sent his nephew, Joseph W. Young, with Utah oxen and wagons back to Florence, Nebraska Territory, to see how the oxen survived the round trip. The oxen did well, so, because of cost savings, the down-and-back wagon trains became the new system for the future." [Author]
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111 Days to Zion
'Down and Back' Wagon Trains : Bringing the Saints to Utah in 1861
From Kirtland to Salt Lake City
Great Basin Kingdom: An Economic History of the Latter-day Saints, 1830-1900
Historic Sites and Markers Along the Mormon and Other Great Western Trails
Mormon Immigration in the 1860s : The Story of the Church Trains
Route from Liverpool to Great Salt Lake Valley
Saints on the Seas : A Maritime History of Mormon Migration, 1830-1890
The Gathering of Zion : The Story of the Mormon Trail
The Latter-day Saints' Emigrants' Guide
The Mormon Conflict, 1850-1859
The Story of the Latter-day Saints
William Clayton's Journal : A Daily Record of the Journal of the Original Company of 'Mormon' Pioneers from Nauvoo, Illinois, to the Valley of the Great Salt Lake