Item Detail
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14071
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5
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23
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English
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Brigham Young's Overland Trails Revolution : The Creation of the 'Down-and-Back' Wagon Train System, 1860-61
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Journal of Mormon History
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Spring 2002
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28
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no.1
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Salt Lake City, UT
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Mormon History Association
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1-30
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Brigham Young is characterized as being 'one of the most remarkable entrepreneurs in the history of world migration.' Many 'American and even Mormon historians fail to give him credit as American's premier immigration promoter.' Overland trail travel in the 1860s has also been neglected by historians. The down-and-back trains were 'a truly innovative system' employed by the Church in the 1860s. Hartley gives a succinct overview of the methods employed for gathering Mormon emigrants to Utah prior to the 1860s. The fund to gather worthy poor to Utah was depleted. That and the high costs of emigration precipitated the motivation to create a new way to bring European converts to Utah. Tests of the down-and-back system were successfully conducted in 1859-60. A detailed plan was put into effect in 1861 with over 180 wagons filled with food supplies sent from nearly every ward in Utah to Florence. They successfully transported over 1,700 immigrants to Utah. These down-and-back trains became the established system from then until 1868
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